Means for controlling electric motors.



No. 735,886. PATENTED AUG. 4, 1908.

J. D. IHLDER. MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 19, 18,99. N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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J. D. IHLDER. MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED APB.19. 1899.

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PATENTED AUG. 4, 1903.

J.DI.IHLDER. MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED APB-.19, 1399.

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J. 1). IHLDEYR. I MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.19, 1899. no 101321, a SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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J. D. IHLDER. MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1899.

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No. 735,386. PATENTED AUG. 4, '1903.

J. D. IHL'DER.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELEGTRIG MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1899.

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2 s I q 4m 5y i 2 awue/wroz 2% J: 9/40 abtozmuao UNITED STATES PatentedAugust 4, 190E.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. IHLDER, OF YONKERS, NEWV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE OTIS ELEVATORCOMPANY, OF ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 735,386, dated August4, 1903.

Application filed April 19, 1899.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. IHLDER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Yonkers, in the county of Westchester and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Controlling Electric Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for controlling the operation of electricmotors, and while it is applicable to motors used for many and variouspurposes it is more especially adapted for controlling motors connectedto operate elevators, and it is especially adapted for controllingelectric motors operated with alternating currents. V

The object of the invention is to provide improved and practical meanswhereby an alternatingcurrent motor can be readily started, stopped, andits operation con-trolled, and to these ends the invention consists inthe various features of construction and arrangement of parts, havingthe general mode of operation substantially as hereinafter moreparticularly pointed out.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side view of anelevator-motor embodyingmyimprovements. Fig.2isaplan view thereof, Fig.3, an end view of the same. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are enlarged detailviews of some of the operating parts. Fig. 8 is an enlarged side View ofthe governor-switch. Fig. 9 is an end view of the same. Fig. 10 is aplan view of the same. Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail showing onepreferred construction of the contacts used. Figs. 11 and 12 arediagrammatic views showing the ar-' rangementsofcircuitsforsingleormultiphase currents. Fig. 18 is a perspective, and Fig. 14 aplan, view, on an enlarged scale, showing the brake-wheel, band, andlevers for operating them.

While my invention is applicable to many and various uses in connectionwith alternating-current electric motors, the general principles of theinvention can be Well understood by describing and illustrating the embodiments thereof connected with motors adapted to operate elevators,and I'will proceed to describe the embodiment illustrated Serial No.713.593. N0 model.)

in the drawings in connection with elevators as a typical embodiment, sothat those skilled in the art will be enabled to employ my invention forthe various purposes to which it is adapted, and it will be understoodthat in thus describing this special application I do not limit theinvention thereto nor to the use of the particular styles or forms ofdevice referred to.

The arrangements of circuits illustrated herein are based on anarrangement of a single push-button system of control, substantiallysuch as is shown and described in my Patent No. 710,914, dated October7, 1902; but it is understood that these circuits may be varied, so thata double or three push-button system may be employed or any otherequivalent means for controlling the circuits. Further, it will be seenhereinafter that in connection with the push-button system I useelectromagnets for controlling the circuits through the differentdevices, which magnets are similar to those illustrated, described,

and claimed in my Patent No. 612,629, of Octoloer 18, 1898, and whilethese are the preferred devices and arrangement of circuits otherarrangements and devices may be used to accomplish the general purposeof my invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Referring to the drawings of the mechanical part of the invention, thereis a suitable base A, upon which is mounted an alternating-current motorB of any desired type. The armature of this motor is connecteddirectlyor otherwise to the driving-shaft B, which in the presentinstance is shown as provided with a worm B engaging a worm-wheel A,

connected to a winding-drum A or other part of the elevator-operatingmechanism. Mounted on the driving-shaft B is a brakewheel B andthe brakemay be of any ordinary or usual construction, but is shown in thepresent instance as embodying an improved construction hereinafter moreparticu- 5 larly described and which is arranged to cooperate with theswitch mechanism for con- I trolling the circuits of the motor B.Mounted on the shaft A of the drum is an automatic stop-motion device Awhich may be of any usual construction and is connected, as hereinafterdescribed, to control the switchas, for instance, when the elevatorreaches its uppermost or lowermost position. These general features ofthe elevator-operating mechanism need not be further described indetail, as their construction and arrangement are well understood andmay be varied to suit any particular case.

Arranged in proper relation to the eleva tor-operating mechanism andpreferably, as shown, mounted on the base A is a reversingswitch deviceE, and this in the present instance is arranged to be operated inconnection with the brake-operating magnets D and D. Also arranged tocooperate with the reversing-switch is a stop-magnet F, and this isshown as conveniently mounted on the reversing-switch E.

For use in connection with single-phase currents I have found itdesirable to employ a governor-switch G; but with multiphase currentsthis switch is not necessary and may be omitted.

It will be understood that when the motor or elevator is at rest thebrake is applied, and when the elevator is to be started the brake isreleased and maintained in the released condition as long as the propercurrent is supplied to operate the elevator, and when the current is cutoff or fails for any reason the brake device is automatically applied tostop the car. As the operation of the brake device is thus in harmonywith the starting and stopping of the elevator, I have utilized in thepresent instance the brake-operating magnets not only to operate thebrake, but to operate and control the reversing-switch device E, and Iwill now proceed to describe the imroved brake device shown herein.

The brake-wheel B is, as is usual in this class of devices, providedwith a brake-band D and in order to get the maximum brakepower out ofthe brake-band I provide means whereby one end of the brake-band isanchored whenever the other end is operated. Thus I have shown theopposite ends of the band attached, respectively, to two Weighted leversD D, and these are pivoted, as at D", and connected to the ends of theband in such a way that in descending either or both of the leversshorten the band and cause it to tightly grasp the brake-wheel B Thusone end of the band is attached to one arm of the bellcrank lever Dwhile the other end of the band is attached to the straight lever D andsuitable means, as an adj usting-screw D is provided for adjusting therelations of the levers to the band. It will be seen that when theselevers are down, as shown in Fig. 3, the brakeband tightly embraces thebrake-wheel 13 but it will also be seen that power exerted on thebrake-band by the rotation of the brakewheel in either direction wouldtend to raise one or the other of the levers, and the band would not,therefore, operate effectively as a V brake, and to prevent this Iprovide some suitable means for normally holding the brake-levers intheir downward position with the brake applied, and I have shown thecatches H H pivotally mounted, as indicated, and provided or arranged sothat they normally swing to such a position that their catch-points h72. will engage the weighted levers D D, respectively, and prevent theirrising to release the brake-band.

To operate the brake-levers to release the brake-band, I provide thebrake-magnets D and D, which in the present instance are shown in theform of solenoids having cores D D with slots d 01, through which thelevers D D respectively, extend. These slots are preferably larger thanthe size of the levers, so as to allow the magnet-cores a certain amountof motion before the levers are raised. The cores are also provided withsome means for releasing the catches H H, and in the present instance Ihave shown wedge-shaped projections d adapted to engage pins or studs7L2 on the catches H H, and it will be seen by reference to Fig. 4especially that when either of the cores D or D begins to move upwardthe wedge-shaped projection d operating against one of the pins or studs7L2, forces the catch H or H, as the case may be, inward, so that itscatchpoint 71 or h will be disengaged from its brake-lever D or D theelongated slots allowing this operation, as above indicated. When thecatch releases the lever, a further movement of its magnet-core willraise the same, releasing the brake-band on the brakewheel, and it willremain released as long as the magnet is energized. When, however, thecore of the magnet descends, through the influence of the weightedlever, the brakeband is applied and the catch again engages the leverand holds it in position.

I preferably leave a slight space between the catch-points h h and therespective brakelevers, as indicated in Fig. 4, although this is notnecessary; but it will be seen that in Whichever direction thebrake-Wheel may rot-ate as soon as the brake-band is brought in contactwith it the tendency will be to lift the brake-lever connected to theend of the brake-band extending in a direction opposite to that of themovement of the brake-wheel, and this tendency will be overcome by thecatch, which will prevent the lever from rising materially and will holdthe brake-band stationary, while the weighted lever at the other end ofthe band cooperates therewith to cause the band to tightly grasp thewheel, and the slot in the magnet-core is of sufficient size to allowthis brake-lever to play a little and compensate for the slight upwardmovement of the other lover.

The reversing-switch E may be variously constructed, depending somewhatupon the character of the currents used; but,as shown, it comprises,essentially, two switch-arms E E pivotally mounted on .the switch -plateand carrying contacts at both ends. The

number of these contacts will vary according to the arrangement of thecircuits, and I preferably use yielding spring-contacts, as indicated inthe drawings. In the present instance each reversing-switch arm isprovided with two contacts 6 e and e e on one end and with contacts e ee e and e e e e at their other ends, controlling circuits which will bemore clearly shown in the diagrams. The contacts 6 e and e e arenormally closed, and when either of the switch-arms E E is operatedthese contacts are broken and the contacts at the other end of the armare closed. In the present instance I utilize the brake-magnets l) D forcontrolling the switcharms E E and as a convenient means I have shownlinks L L as connected, respectively, to the brake-leversD Dandengagingthrough suitable devices, as pins Z, the extensions E E ofthe switcharms E E Thelinks are also provided, preferably, with anadjustingstop 1, so that the links may have a certain amount of downwardmovement before they break the circuit by operating the switcharms.

In order to relieve the brake-magnetsD D of the necessity of holding thebrake-levers in their elevated positions, I preferably provide means forholding the levers elevated, and I have shown the links L L as providedwith notches 1 adapted to cooperate with a catch J, which, as shown, ispivoted atj and is under the stress of a spring J, so that it s willenter the notch Z of the respective links as they are moved upward andhold them in this position until released. It will thus be seen thatwhenever either, one of the brakemagnets D or D is energized it firstmoves its core to operate the catch H or H to release the brake-lever Dor D and to raise the same, and through the medium of the links L L oneor the other of the reversing-switch arms is operated to break thecircuit normally made and close the circuits, which, as hereinafterdescribed,will produce the proper operation of the motor to raise orlower the elevator, as the case may be, and the brakelever is thensupported by the catch J engaging the link L and the motor continues tooperate. When, however, it is desired or necessary to stop the motor,various safety devices, such as are ordinarily used in connection withelevators, may be adapted to accomplish this result, and in the presentinstance I have shown a stop-magnet F, suitably connected in the circuitand arranged to disengage the catch J from the links. Thus in thepresent instance the armature F is pivoted atfand is provided with studsor projectionsf, adapted to engage the catch J when the magnet isenergized and withdraw it from the notch Z in the link when the latterfalls by the influence of the weighted brake-lever to which it isattached, and the brake is applied and the switch-arm of thereversing-switch operated to break the working circuit and restore thecontacts to their normal positions.

I have also shown an arrangement whereby the usual automatic stop-motiondevice A can operate the links to break the circuit and apply thebrakes. The description of the automatic stop-motion need not be setforth in detail, as it is well understood, the general features beingthat there is a traveling clutch member A traveling on a screw-threadedextension of the shaft A and arranged so that when the elevator reachesits extreme position at either end of its travel the clutch will becomeengaged and automatically operate the switch mechanism.

Mounted on the automatic stop-motion device A is an eccentric A and thisis adjustable with relation thereto by suitable adjusting-screws andslot to. Engaging this eccentric is a strap A connected to a bar Amoving in bearings A". This bar A has inclines a a arranged in properrelation to the catches J, and when the bar A is moved to the right orleft it will release the one or the other of the catches, permitting thelinks to fall, the reversing-switch to be operated, and the brake to beapplied to stop the motor.

As it is sometimes desirable to lock the reversing-switch, in Fig. 7 Ihave shown a slight modification whereby this is accomplished, whereinthe parts are lettered as before. In this case the reversing-switch armE is provided with a pivoted catch E under the stress of a spring andadapted to be engaged by the head of the catch J, so that the switcharmis securely held until the link L rises sufficiently to allow the headof the catch to pass by the notch l thereon, when the arm is releasedand the switch can be operated.

As above intimated, when multiphase currents are used the devices so fardescribed are found sufficient and satisfactory; but for use withsingle-phase currents,wherein it is necessaryin starting thesingle-phase motor to provide an additional circuit through the motor inthe usual way,I make use ofagoverning device G, which is adapted tobreak the additional circuit of the motor when the motor attainssufficient speed to operate by the operatingcurrent. This governingdevice is arranged in any convenient relation to the motor, but is shownherein as operating in connection with the brake-wheel E the presentinstance consists, essentially, of the weighted arms G, pivotallymounted in the brake-wheel B and operating against pins G which in thepresent instance are arranged to move an arm G pivoted at g. In thepresent instance connected to the arm G is a disk G supported on the armby adjustingscrews g and sliding on the shaft B. Connected to this arm Gis a rod G the free end of which is connected to the rock-arm G one endof which, as G carries the contacts g 9 adapted to engage contacts g 9which are, as shown, spring-contacts. Adapted to engage the end G7 is acatch G wl 1ich is normally under the stress of a spring 9 and catch Gcarries an insulated contact g which IIO This governor in engages aninsulated contact g on the arm G Mounted on the rod G is acompression-spring G, which tends to hold the arm G in its uprightposition and force the pins G against the weighted arms G. The contactsg g, g 9 and g g are normally closed when the current is supplied to themotor for starting, and as the shaft B increases its speed the weightedarms G move outward and through the medium of the pins G force the arm Gagainst the resistance of the compression -spring G and as this springis compressed first contacts g g are separated, then the contacts 9 gare gradually raised without breaking, owing to the spring-0cm tacts g 9being able to follow and maintain contact for a certain distance. Thecatch G is gradually forced out of engagement with the end G f therock-arm G until it finally releases said arm, and when this momentarrives the weighted arms of the governor have only to overcome theopposition of the compression -spring G being relieved of the spring 9on the catch G and they will rapidly rnove to a further position outwardand cause a quick break between the contacts g g and g g which latterhave reached the limit of movement under the spring-pressure. Thecircuit controlled by the governor is thus broken and remains broken aslong as the motor is operating at proper speed; but when the motor stopsthe weighted arms of the governor assume their normal positions underthe stress of the compression-spring G and the rock-arm G carrying thecontacts, is forced to its normal position to engage the contacts withthe spring-contacts, and the spring-actuated catch G engages the end Gthe insulated contacts g g are engaged, and the parts are locked inposition ready to operate again as before.

Having thus described the mechanical embodiments of the inventionillustrated in the drawings, which are shown as typical only in thebroad sense of the invention, I will now proceed to describe theoperation, referring more particularly to the diagrammatic illustrationsof the circuits in Figs. 11 and 12, wherein the principal operatingdevices are lettered similar to those already described, Fig. 11 showingan arrangement for multiphase circuits and Fig. 12 for single-phasecircuits.

1, 2, and 3 represent the main-line conductors for two or three phasemotor-circuit, and this is shown in connection with the motor B, theswitch-arms E E brake-magnets D D", and stopmaguet F, before described,and in the present illustration 1 have adopted, substantially, thepush-button system shown in my application before referred to, in whichthere is a floor-controller M, which is rotated in accordance with themovements of the elevator and is provided with a number of brushes m m mm according to the number of floors or stopping-places to be providedfor, and there are a number of push-buttons P P or other suitablecircuit-closing devices, according to the number of floors orstoppingplaces. Arranged in the circuits are the magnets N, with itsarmature N O and armature O Q, with its armature Q and the auxiliarymagnets R S and armatures R S, respectively.

One of the main lines, as 1, leads through the door-contacts 4 4 throughthe conductor 1", and this conductor 1 extends through the coils of themagnet Q,which are wound in opposition, and thence through the contacts5, which are normally closed, to the branches leading to thepush-buttons P P. From the push-button contacts there extend branches ofconductor 1 in the form of conductors 1 1, leading, respectively, to themagnets N and O and thence to the brushes m and m of thefloor-controller M. From the brush m leads a conductor 1, having twobranches. One, as 1 leads through the resistance r, through theconductor 1 to the main line 3, while the other branch 1 leads throughthe coils of the magnet S to the contact-point e of the switcharm E.From the contact-point 2 there is a conductor 1 including the coils efthe brakemagnet D and connected to the core of the magnet S, and fromthe armature S of said magnet there is a conductor 1 connected to themain line 2, and this conductor 2 is connected to those portions of theswitch-arms E E which operate on contacts e a The brush on is connectedby conductor 1 through the resistance r and conductor P to the main line3, and a branch 1 leads through the coils of the auxiliary magnet R toconductor 1 to contact 8, which is electrically connected to the contact6 on the switch-arm E. To the contact 6 is connected a conductor 1",including the coils of the brake-magnet D, and the core of the auxiliarymagnet R and the armature R is connected by a conductor 1 to the mainline 2, and this main line 2 is also connected to that portion of theswitch-arm E which operates on contact a The terminal I) on the motor Bis connected directly to the main-line conductor 1. The terminal 1) isconnected to the contacts a and 6*, respectively, of the switch-arms E EThe terminal b is connected to the contacts 6 and e of the switch-arms.The contacts e and e of the switch-arms are also connected by conductor6 through the contacts '7 of the magnet Q, which are normally closed,through the coil of the stop-magnet F, and thence to the contacts (2 eof the switch-arms.

Whenthe motor is at rest, the circuits are as indicated in the diagramand the contacts net N, to brush m of the floor-controller, brush mthereof, where it branches, one portion going through the conductor 1resistance r,

and conductor 1 to the main line 3, while the other portion passesthrough conductor 1 coils of the auxiliary magnet S, to contacts e e" ofthe switch-arms E and E to the mainlineconductor3. Thiscircuitenergizesmagnet N, causing it to attract its armature N, and it will be seen thatthis armature is connected between the opposition coils of the magnet Q,and this will form a short circuit including only one of the coils ofmagnet Q and the armature N, and this coming in contact with thearmature N will close the short circuit around the push-button I andthis causes the magnet Q to attract its armature, breaking the contacts5 and 7, carried by the armature Q, and the push-button is cut out ofcircuit. The magnets being also energized attracts its armature S,closing the circuit leading from the main-line conductor 2 through theconductor 1 the core of magnet S, the conductor 1, including the coilsof the brake-magnet D, to contact 6 of the switch-arm E. Thebrake-magnet D being thus energized, it attracts its armature, liftinglink L and operating the switch E to break the contacts 6 e and closethe contacts e 6 controlling the motor-circuit, which receives itscurrent from the main line, causing it to operate in the requireddirection to move the elevator as desired.

When the elevator reaches the desired position, which in this instanceis represented by the push-button P, the floor-controller M has rotatedso that the brush m reaches the insulated portion thereof and theoperatingcircuitisinterrupted. Consequently the magnet N releases itsarmature, breaking the shunt or parallel circuit around the pushbutton,and magnet Q releases its armature, closing contacts 5 and 7, 5establishing the operating-circuit ready for the next operation of thepush-button, and 7 closing the circuit through the stop-magnet F betweenthe main-line conductors2 and 3. The stopmagnet F thus operates to movethe catch J, releasing the link L, which allows the brakelever D todrop, applying the brake, and this at the same time moves the switch Eto break the contacts e e and close contacts 6 e, and the motor is thusdeprived of its power and the parts are in condition for operationagain.

It will be seen that the brake-magnet D is energized only a short time,its function being to lift its core and its connected brakelever andoperate the switch, which being done the circuits of the motor areclosed and the motor operates until the operating-circuit is broken bythe floor-controller.

If push-button P is operated, the same series of operations will takeplace, except that brake magnet D is energized, operating switch-arm Eand the circuits through the motor are controlled so that it willoperate in the proper direction to bring the elevator to the desiredfloor, and it is not deemed necessary to trace the circuits in detail.

It will be observed that the circuit of the stop-magnet F is controlledby the operatingcircuit through the magnet Q and its armature, and thisoperating-circuit is controlled by the floor-controller M, movinginharmony with the elevator.

When a single-phase motor is used, the circuits are preferably arrangedas indicated in Fig. 12, the operation being identically the same asthat described in connection with Fig. 11 except that one main-lineconductor 1 is omitted and the motor is provided with a starting deviceor controlled by the governor G, and the circuits of this governor arecontrolled ,by the contacts g g g g g 9 which are made and broken by thegovernor operating as hereinbefore set forth. In this arrangement theswitches E E are provided with more contacts, as clearly shown, whichcontacts control the circuits not only through the motor, but throughthe motor-governor G, as clearly indicated, and therefore notnecessarily described in detail, it being understood that X and Xindicate, respectively, the inductive and non-inductive resistancescontrolled by the governor G.

It is desirable and, indeed, necessary, in order to render the operationof the motor certain, since a single-phase motor will run in eitherdirection under the action of a single-phase current, its direction ofrotation depending on the impulse it receives at starting, to providemeans whereby the motor must come to rest and the starting-contacts beestablished before the reversing-switch is operated after the stopoperation has once been made. I therefore provide the governor-switch Gwith the contacts g 9 which are connected in the conductor 1 of thepushbutton or other control-circuit, and it will be seen that when thecatch G of the governor is moved away from the arm G7 the controlcircuit1 is broken at the contacts 9 and the motor proceeds to operate in theproper direction and cannot be interfered with by the operation of anyof the push-buttons. When, however, the motor stops and the contacts g gare closed and then the reversingswitch being first operated todetermine the direction of operation of the motor, the governor operatesas before and again breaks the control-circuit.

It will thus be seen that I provide an efficient apparatus or systemwhereby an alternating current motor can be controlled through themedium of a simple push-button or other circuit-controller connected inan operative circuitand arranged to automatically operate thecircuit-reversing switch of the motor, and at the same time and by thesame means the brake device is also operated automatically to releaseand apply the brake, and in the present instance I make thebrake-operating device the medium for controlling the circuit-reverserof the motor, so that the brake and motor are controlled in harmony witheach other. So, also, in con- IIO nection with single-phase motors, Iprovide means for controlling the starting-circuit of the motor, andthese means are arranged to automatically break the starting-circuitwhen the motor attains sufficient speed to operate without the aid ofthe starting-circuit. In the operating-circuit described it will beobserved that in order to operate the motor it is only necessary topress the push-button or circuit-controller for an instant, when themotor will be started and operate until au tomatically stopped by meansof the floorcontroller, and While this is a preferable embodiment of theinvention any other operating circuit embodying controlling deviceswhich shall control the switch to start, stop, and reverse thealternating-current motor may be substituted for those shown. It willalso be observed that I have described an improved construction of thebrake apparatus, and while this is found especially applicable for thispurpose it will be understood that the brake may be used in connectionwith other devices and that other brake apparatus can be used in placeof the one described.

From the above description the general.

principles of my invention will be readily understood by those skilledin the art, and it will be understood that the details of constructionand arrangement of parts and circuits can be varied to suit therequirements of any particular case.

What I claim is- 1. The combination with an alternating-current motor,of a switch device controlling the circuits of the motor, a governorcontrolling the starting-circuits of the motor, and an operating-circuitfor said switch device including circuit controllers whereby themovements of the alternating-current motor can be controlled byoperating said controllers, substantially as described.

2. Thecombinationwithanalternating-current motor, of a switch devicecontrolling the circuits of the motor, a governor controlling thestarting-circuits of the motor, a brake device for the motor, and anoperating-circuit for said switch device including circuit-controllers,whereby the movements of the alternating-current motor and brake can becontrolled by operating said controllers, substantially as described.

3. The combination with an elevator-operating mechanism, of analternating-current motor connected to operate the same, a switch devicecontrolling the circuits of the motor, a governor controlling thestarting-circuits of the motor, an operating-circuit for said switchdevice including circuit-controllers, and automatic means connected withthe elevatoroperating mechanism controlling the circuits of the motor,substantially as described.

4:- The combination with a motor, of a switch device controlling thecircuits of the motor, a brake device for the motor, and connectionsbetweenthe brake device and switch device V for operating the latter,substantially as de scribed.

5. The combination with a motor, of a switch device controlling thecircuits of the motor, an electromagnetic brake device for the motor,and connections between the brake device and switch whereby the latteris controlled by the brake-operating magnets, substantially asdescribed.

6. The combination with a motor, of a switch device controlling thecircuits thereof, an electromagnetic brake device, and connectionsbetween the brake device and switch for operating the latter, the brakedevice being provided with a magnet for releasing the brake and closingthe switch to start the motor and with a stop-magnet to apply the brakeand stop the motor, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a motor,of a switch device controlling thecircuits thereof,a governor controlling the starting-circuits of themotor, an electromagnetic brake device for the motor said brake devicebeing provided with a magnet for releasing the brake and closing thecircuit of the motor to start the same and with devices for applying thebrake and breaking the circuit of the motor, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a motor,ot' a switch controlling the circuits ofthe motor,an electromagnetic brake device for the motor including aweighted lover, a magnet connected to operate the lever, and a linkconnected to the lever and operating the switch, substantially asdescribed.

9. The combination with a motor,of a switch controlling the circuits ofthe motor, an electromagnetic brake device for the motor including aweighted lever, a magnet the core of which is connected to move thelever, a link connected to the lever for operating the switch, a catchconnected to operate with the link, and a stop device for releasing thecatch, substantially as described.

10. The combination with a motor, of a switch controlling the circuitsof the motor, an electromagnetic brake device for the motor, including aweighted lever, a magnet the core of which is connected to move thelover, a link connected to the lever for operating the switch, a catchcontrolling the link, and a stop-magnet for releasing the catch,substantially as described.

11. The combination with an alternatingcurrent motor, of a governorcontrolling the starting-circuit of the motor said governor including acontact-carrying arm, a catch therefor, a compression-spring andweighted arms, and connections whereby the startingcircnit of the motoris broken, substantially as described.

12. The combination with an alternatingcurrent motor, of a governorcontrolling the starting-circuit of the motor said governor includingweighted arms, a contact-carrying arm, a spring-actuated catch therefor,a compression-sprin g, an arm controlling the comcurrent motor, of agovernor controlling the I starting-circuit of the motor, andacircuit-reversing switch operated by a controlling-circuit, saidcontrolling-circuit including contacts controlled by the governor,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN D. IHLDER.

Witnesses:

JAMES S. FITCH,

AETHUR ROWLAND.

